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Where is Red Coral found?

Corallium rubrum

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Red Coral occurs in specific geological environments. Knowing where to look, and in what kind of rock, is the difference between going home empty-handed and finding a great specimen.

Where to find Red Coral

Mediterranean Sea

Historically the primary source, particularly off the coasts of Italy (Sardinia), Spain, France, Algeria, and Tunisia. Corallium rubrum is endemic to this region.

Western Pacific Ocean

Other Corallium species (e.g., Corallium japonicum, Corallium elatius) are found off the coasts of Japan, Taiwan, and the Philippines, often at greater depths.

Atlantic Ocean

Some species are found off the coast of the Canary Islands and Cape Verde.

Collecting tips

  1. Ethical Sourcing. Due to overharvesting and conservation concerns, it is crucial to ensure any red coral purchased or collected is ethically and legally sourced. Many species are CITES-listed (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora).
  2. Distinguishing from Imitations. Genuine red coral will feel cool to the touch and have a specific gravity of 2.6-2.7. Plastic imitations will be lighter and warmer. Dyed materials like howlite or marble will often show uneven color distribution or a different internal structure. A drop of dilute hydrochloric acid will cause genuine coral to effervesce (fizz) due to its calcium carbonate content, but this test is destructive and should be avoided on finished pieces.
  3. Environmental Awareness. Direct collection of red coral from the ocean is highly regulated or prohibited in most areas due to its protected status and the fragility of coral ecosystems. Collectors should focus on antique pieces or legally sourced material from reputable dealers.

Quick Check

Color:
Pink to deep red
Luster:
Waxy to vitreous (polished)
Streak:
White

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