Where is Ruby found?
Corundum (variety Ruby)
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Open the appRuby occurs in specific geological environments. Knowing where to look, and in what kind of rock, is the difference between going home empty-handed and finding a great specimen.
Where to find Ruby
Mogok Valley, Myanmar (Burma)
Historically the most important source, famous for producing the finest 'pigeon's blood' rubies from marble deposits.
Mong Hsu, Myanmar
A significant source discovered in the 1990s, producing rubies that often require heat treatment to improve color.
Mozambique
Currently a major global source, particularly the Montepuez deposit, producing large quantities of high-quality rubies.
Thailand (Chanthaburi, Trat)
Historically important, known for darker, brownish-red rubies, often found in basaltic terrains.
Sri Lanka (Ratnapura)
Known for producing lighter-colored, often pinkish-red rubies, found in alluvial deposits.
Tanzania (Winza, Longido)
Produces rubies from both metamorphic and igneous sources, including some with excellent color.
Vietnam (Luc Yen, Quy Chau)
Produces fine rubies from marble-hosted deposits, similar to those in Myanmar.
Collecting tips
- Look for Associated Minerals. In primary deposits, rubies are often found with minerals like spinel, phlogopite mica, calcite (in marble), and various feldspars. In alluvial deposits, look for heavy mineral concentrates.
- Check for Hardness. Ruby is extremely hard (9 on Mohs scale). It will scratch almost all other common minerals except diamond. This can be a key differentiator from similar-looking red minerals.
- Observe Crystal Habit. Look for characteristic hexagonal crystal forms, often tabular or barrel-shaped. While many rubies are found as fragments, well-formed crystals are diagnostic.
- Fluorescence Test. Many natural rubies, especially those from marble-hosted deposits, exhibit strong red fluorescence under long-wave UV light due to the chromium content. This can help distinguish them from other red gemstones.
- Specific Gravity Test. Ruby has a relatively high specific gravity (3.97-4.05). This can be used in conjunction with other tests to differentiate it from lighter minerals.
Quick Check
- Color:
- Red (pinkish-red to deep red)
- Luster:
- Vitreous to adamantine
- Streak:
- White
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