Where is Lapis Lazuli found?
Lapis Lazuli (a metamorphic rock composed primarily of lazurite, calcite, and pyrite)
Got a photo? Identify rocks instantly with the Rockby app
Open the appLapis Lazuli occurs in specific geological environments. Knowing where to look, and in what kind of rock, is the difference between going home empty-handed and finding a great specimen.
Where to find Lapis Lazuli
Sar-e-Sang, Badakhshan Province, Afghanistan
The most historically significant and primary source of high-quality Lapis Lazuli for over 6,000 years. Occurs in crystalline marble within the Kokcha River valley.
Lake Baikal region, Siberia, Russia
Significant deposits found in the Malo-Bystrinskoye deposit, occurring in metamorphosed carbonate rocks.
Ovalle, Coquimbo Region, Chile
Deposits found in the Andes Mountains, often associated with copper mining operations. Chilean Lapis Lazuli tends to have more white calcite than Afghan material.
Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada
More recent discoveries of Lapis Lazuli have been made in this Arctic region.
Colorado, USA
Minor occurrences have been reported in the United States, particularly in the Italian Mountain area.
Collecting tips
- Geological Context. Focus on areas known for contact metamorphism of calcareous rocks, especially where sulfur-rich fluids were present. Look for marble or limestone outcrops near intrusive igneous bodies.
- Associated Minerals. Search for areas with visible pyrite, calcite, and other skarn minerals, as these are often found in proximity to Lapis Lazuli deposits.
- Color and Inclusions. Identify the characteristic deep blue color, often with white calcite veins and golden pyrite flecks. Be aware that excessive calcite or pyrite can indicate lower quality material.
- Hardness Test. Lapis Lazuli has a Mohs hardness of 5-6. It can be scratched by a steel file but will scratch glass. This helps differentiate it from softer minerals.
- Acid Test (Caution). A small drop of dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) will cause a slight effervescence on the calcite inclusions, releasing hydrogen sulfide (rotten egg smell) from the lazurite component due to the sulfur content. This test should be performed with extreme caution and proper ventilation due to the release of H2S gas, which is toxic. It is generally not recommended for collectors without proper safety equipment and knowledge.
Quick Check
- Color:
- Deep blue with white and gold flecks
- Luster:
- Vitreous to greasy
- Streak:
- Light blue (for lazurite component)
Explore Lapis Lazuli
Identify rocks anywhere
Free on iOS, Android, and Web. Photo identification, full database, and your personal collection.