Where is Jadeite found?
Na(Al,Fe3+)Si2O6
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Open the appJadeite occurs in specific geological environments. Knowing where to look, and in what kind of rock, is the difference between going home empty-handed and finding a great specimen.
Where to find Jadeite
Myanmar (Burma)
The primary source of gem-quality jadeite, particularly the highly prized 'Imperial Jade'. Found in the Kachin State, especially around Tawmaw and Hpakan, in both primary bedrock and alluvial deposits.
Guatemala
Historically significant source, rediscovered in the Motagua Valley. Produces a range of colors, including a rare blue-green and a black variety.
Japan
Occurrences in Itoigawa, Omi, and Kotaki, Niigata Prefecture. Known for white, green, and lavender jadeite.
Russia
Found in the Polar Urals and Khakassia, producing green and white jadeite.
California, USA
Occurrences in Mendocino, San Benito, and Clear Creek areas, often associated with serpentinite. Typically lower gem quality, but notable for its presence.
Kazakhstan
Known for green jadeite deposits.
Collecting tips
- Look in Alluvial Deposits. Many significant jadeite finds are in secondary placer deposits (riverbeds, gravels) where the tougher jadeite has been eroded from its primary source and concentrated.
- Identify Associated Rocks. Jadeite is often found in association with serpentinite, glaucophane (a blue amphibole), and other high-pressure metamorphic minerals. Recognizing these indicator minerals can help locate potential jadeite-bearing areas.
- Check for High Density. Jadeite has a relatively high specific gravity (3.30-3.38). Experienced prospectors can often feel the difference in weight compared to common stream pebbles.
- Examine for Toughness. Jadeite is exceptionally tough, meaning it resists breaking and chipping. This makes it difficult to scratch or break with common tools, a key differentiator from many look-alikes.
- Perform a Scratch Test (with caution). While not recommended for valuable specimens, a scratch test can help. Jadeite has a Mohs hardness of 6.5-7, meaning it can scratch glass and steel, but will not be scratched by them. This helps distinguish it from softer serpentines.
Quick Check
- Color:
- Wide range, often green, white, lavender, or black.
- Luster:
- Vitreous to greasy.
- Streak:
- White.
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