Where is Serpentine found?
Serpentine Group
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Open the appSerpentine occurs in specific geological environments. Knowing where to look, and in what kind of rock, is the difference between going home empty-handed and finding a great specimen.
Where to find Serpentine
California, USA
Extensive serpentinite belts, particularly in the Coast Ranges and Sierra Nevada foothills, often associated with ophiolite complexes. California's state rock is serpentinite.
Appalachian Mountains, USA/Canada
Numerous occurrences of serpentinite and serpentine minerals, particularly in Newfoundland, Quebec, Vermont, and North Carolina.
Oman
Part of the Semail Ophiolite, one of the best-preserved ophiolite sequences globally, with vast exposures of serpentinized peridotite.
Italy
Significant occurrences in the Apennine Mountains and Alps, often used historically for architectural and decorative purposes.
Russia
Ural Mountains contain large serpentinite bodies, historically important for chrysotile asbestos mining.
Greece
Ophiolite complexes in various regions, including the Pindus Mountains.
Collecting tips
- Look for Ultramafic Rocks. Serpentine is almost exclusively found in altered ultramafic rocks. Look for dark, heavy, often weathered outcrops in areas known for ophiolites or ancient oceanic crust.
- Check for Greasy Luster and Soapy Feel. The characteristic greasy or waxy luster and smooth, sometimes soapy feel are good indicators. Use a knife to test hardness (2.5-4 on Mohs scale).
- Observe Color and Mottling. The distinctive green colors, often with darker mottling or veining, are highly characteristic. Look for variations in green hues.
- Beware of Asbestos. Fibrous varieties (chrysotile) are asbestos. If you encounter fibrous material, do not disturb it, collect it, or inhale any dust. Treat all fibrous serpentine with extreme caution. Non-fibrous varieties are generally safe to handle.
- Geological Maps. Consult geological maps for areas marked with 'ultramafic rocks,' 'serpentinite,' or 'ophiolite' occurrences.
Quick Check
- Color:
- Green (various shades), yellowish, brownish, black; often mottled
- Luster:
- Greasy, waxy, silky, dull
- Streak:
- White
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