Where is Botryoidal Smithsonite on Limonite found?
ZnCO3 on FeO(OH)
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Open the appBotryoidal Smithsonite on Limonite occurs in specific geological environments. Knowing where to look, and in what kind of rock, is the difference between going home empty-handed and finding a great specimen.
Where to find Botryoidal Smithsonite on Limonite
Kelly Mine, Magdalena, New Mexico, USA
Famous for its vibrant blue and green botryoidal smithsonite, often found on limonite or other iron oxides.
Tsumeb Mine, Tsumeb, Namibia
Known for a wide variety of secondary minerals, including excellent smithsonite specimens in various colors, sometimes on limonite.
Choix, Sinaloa, Mexico
Produces fine botryoidal smithsonite, including blue and green varieties, often associated with iron oxides.
Lavrion (Laurium) Mines, Attica, Greece
Historic mining district with numerous secondary minerals, including smithsonite and limonite.
Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia
Significant lead-zinc-silver deposit with a rich oxidized zone producing various secondary minerals, including smithsonite.
Collecting tips
- Target Oxidized Zones. Focus on the upper, weathered portions of zinc-lead sulfide deposits, where primary sulfides have been altered by groundwater and oxygen.
- Look for Carbonate Host Rocks. Smithsonite formation is favored in the presence of carbonate rocks (limestone, dolomite) which provide the carbonate ions for its precipitation.
- Identify Iron Staining. Limonite is a common indicator of oxidized sulfide deposits. Look for brown, yellow, or reddish staining on rocks, which may indicate the presence of iron oxides and potentially associated smithsonite.
- Check for Botryoidal Forms. The characteristic 'grape-like' or 'bubbly' texture of botryoidal smithsonite is a key visual identifier.
- Perform Acid Test (Carefully). Smithsonite (ZnCO3) will effervesce (fizz) in dilute hydrochloric acid, though often slowly unless powdered. Limonite will not react. Always use caution with acids and wear appropriate safety gear.
Quick Check
- Color:
- Smithsonite: Varied (blue, green, yellow, white, etc.). Limonite: Brown to yellow-brown.
- Luster:
- Smithsonite: Vitreous to pearly. Limonite: Dull, earthy.
- Streak:
- Smithsonite: White. Limonite: Yellow-brown.
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